Electric fields signal 'no flies zone'

Elektrische Felder haben offenbar einen nachweisbaren Einfluss auf Fruchtfliegen. Dies und weitere Erkenntnisse sollen nicht nur bei der Schädlingsbekämpfung helfen. A new piece of research led by the Uni­versity of Southampton has found that the behaviour of fruit flies, which are commonly used in laboratory experi­ments, is altered by electric fields. The research indicates that the wings of the insects are disturbed by static electric fields, leading to changes in avoidance behaviour and the neurochemical balance of their brains. The paper, published in the Proceeding of the Royal Society B, suggests that the plastic housing laboratory fruit flies are commonly kept in (which hold their own static electric charge) could agitate the flies, changing their behaviour and neuro­chemical profile which has the potential to impact or confound other studies for which they are being used. “Fruit flies are often used as model orga­nisms to understand fundamental prob­lems in biology,” say Professor Philip New­land, Professor of Neuroscience at the University of Southampton and lead author of the study. “75 per cent of the genes that cause disease in humans are shared by fruit flies, so by studying them we can learn a lot about basic mechanisms. “Plastic can retain a charge for a long period and, given the use of plastic in the rearing of these insects and other small insects such as mosquitos, long term exposure to these fields is inevitable. ”The researchers put fruit flies in a Y-­shaped maze, with one arm of the maze exposed to an electric charge and the other receiving none. They found that the flies avoided the charged chamber and gathered in the non­-charged arm. Inte­restingly flies with no wings didn’t display this behaviour, and flies with smaller wings only avoided higher charges – sug­gesting it is the wings of the fly that are involved in detection and are affected by the fields. This was borne out when subjecting stationary flies to electric fields. The researchers observed that the wings of the flies could be manipulated by a field of a similar strength to that which produ­ced the avoidance behaviour. Professor Newland explains: “When a fly was placed underneath a negatively char­ged electrode, the static field forces caused elevation of the wings toward the electrode, as opposite charges were attracted. “Static electric fields are all around us but for a small insect like a fruit fly it appears these fields’ electrical charges are significant enough to have an effect on their wing movement and this means they will avoid them if possible.” ... As well as having consequences for flies used in laboratories, the results also have implications for flies in their natural environment.“We are particularly interested in how electric fields could be used in pest control,” says co­author Dr Christopher Jack­son, also of Southampton. “Meshes that can generate static electric fields could be put across windows of houses or green houses to prevent insects like fruit flies or even mosquitos entering, yet allow air movement.” “It also raises questions of how pollinating species like bees could be affected by power lines, which have stronger electric fields.” Source: University of Southampton on sciencedaily.com

Englisch	Deutsch
agitate	erregen, beunruhigen
alter	verändern
are affected	sind betroffen
avoid	vermeiden
avoidance	Vermeidung
bear, borne, borne out	bestätigen, recht geben
behaviour	Verhalten
brain	Gehirn
cause desease	Krankheit verursachen
commonly	üblicherweise, normalerweise
confound	verwirren, verwischen, durch­einanderbringen
detection	Entdeckung, Erkennen
disturb	stören
electric charge	elektrische Ladung
elevation	Anheben, Anhebung, Steigung
exposure	Ausgesetzen, Einwirken, Exponieren
field force	Feldstärke
fly	Fliege
gather	(sich) sammeln
impact	beeinflussen, Auswirkung haben auf
indicate	hinweisen, hindeuten auf
inevitable	unvermeidbar
lead, led, led by	durchführen, durch/von
maze	Irrgarten, Labyrinth
mesh	Masche, Geflecht, Schlinge; hier: Maschendraht
opposite charge	gegensätzliche Ladung
pest control	Schädlingsbekämpfung
prevent	verhindern
publish	veröffentlichen
rear	aufziehen, großziehen
retain	behalten, speichern, bestehen lassen
share	miteinander teilen
significant	bedeutend, erheblich
subject to	aussetzen
suggest	hinweisen, nahelegen
underneath	unter, unterhalb

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